
©
Janet Davis
Even though I’ve always been a passionate
outdoor gardener, I’ve never quite got into the indoor jungle thing. Perhaps it’s because I’m too distracted,
what with an office competing for my attention in the house. But the few plants I do grow indoors are
no-brainers in terms of their care.
They forgive my distraction and continue to love me, despite occasional
neglect.
Here are ten houseplants with forgiving
natures that will continue to love you too:
Arrowhead
Vine, Nephythis (Syngonium podophyllum) Hailing from forests in Central America
and Mexico, arrowhead plant – so-called because of its juvenile leaf shape
– tolerates low light but prefers rather bright, filtered light. Light levels vary depending on leaf
coloration: too little and the attractive variegation in certain
cultivars’ leaves will disappear, too much bright light and the leaves of
the green varieties, which appreciate more shade, develop “sunburn”. Give it moist, rich soil that is
allowed to dry out at the surface between watering. Like most houseplants, the arrowhead
you buy in a small pot does not resemble the plant at maturity. As the plant ages, it develops a vining
trunk that can reach 15 feet (4.6 m) and will need some support; the foliage
changes too, with leaves on the upper plant featuring a compound shape
bearing 3-12 long leaflets
- Chinese Evergreen (Aglaonema
commutatum) Lovely,
low-maintenance, low-light foliage plant, often with attractive silver
splashes and markings on the long, oblong leaves. Like arrowhead vine, light levels
depend on leaf coloration: variegated plants like ‘Silver King’ and
‘Silver Queen’ need brighter light while all-green varieties require less. Native to southeast Asia, Indonesia and
the Philippines, Chinese evergreen must be grown in warm temperatures
(over 13C - 55F); avoid cool drafts which can cause brown spots to develop
on the foliage. A compact plant,
it grows 18-36 inches (45-60 cm).
Let soil dry out between watering; root rot can occur in soggy
soil. To keep the plant leafy at
the base, remove the growing canes in the middle. Plants allowed to grow canes will
eventually form a spathe-and-spadix flower, somewhat like peace lily.
- Dragon Tree (Dracaena marginata
‘Tricolor’) I bought a spiky ‘Tricolor’
dracaena as a tiny plant and tucked it into a clay window box with a few
equally tiny (at the time) spider plants.
A few years later, it’s still in the window box, but it’s let me
know it wants its own pot -- by covering half the east-facing window on
its way to a 9-foot mature height!
Long before then, it will have lost its lower leaves and developed
a trunk. All dracaenas are easy,
but this one is a cinch. Vivid red
edges on narrow green leaves. Best
in indirect, bright light.
Adaptable to humidity.
Water weekly (possibly more in very hot weather) but do not let
your dragon tree sit in soggy soil.
- Golden Pothos, Devil’s Claw (Epipremnum
aureum) One of the easiest
houseplant vines, this one has glossy, heart-shaped leaves in a lively
green with splashes of gold. (‘Marble Queen’ has white markings.) Likes low to bright, indirect light,
but not direct sun. Again, the
amount and brightness of variegation will vary depending on light levels;
the more light, the brighter the leaf markings. A native of the Solomon Islands and the South Pacific, in
the wild golden pothos is a
vigorous
climber or “liana”, winding itself around tree trunks and climbing to the
light (epipremnum translates as “upon a trunk”) to a mature height of
20-40 feet, where the leaves can be 18 inches (75 cm) or more. But don’t worry; this is not likely to
happen in a small pot in your kitchen, where the vine will be happy
climbing around the window frame.
The sap of golden pothos can cause skin irritation and the leaves contain
calcium oxylate and are toxic, especially to leaf-chomping puppies.
- Grape Ivy, Oak-Leaf Ivy (Cissus
rhombifolia) When I renovated
my kitchen, I placed a grape ivy in a ceramic pot in a west-facing window
where I had suspended a pretty stained-glass window for privacy, rather
than hang curtains. More than 10
years later, the soil in the pot has not been changed yet the grape ivy is
still a 5-foot high (1.5 m) living curtain, the compound leaves closest to
the glass occasionally burning in summer and freezing in winter. But apart from the fact that I have to
pick off a few dead leaves occasionally and water it with a weak
fertilizer solution from spring to fall, the plant is thriving on a decade
of neglect. Clearly, grape ivy is
a survivor. Though my plant has
survived facing west, the best light for grape ivy is bright and
indirect. Allow soil to dry out at
the surface between watering.
- Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum
spp.) With its long, lanced-shapes
leaves and lovely, white spathe-and-spadix flowers, peace lily is a
popular plant for low light areas (east or northeast windows). Native to damp rainforests in southeast
Asia and Central and South America, peace lily grows slowly to 3 feet tall
(30-90 cm) tall and prefers evenly moist soil, especially when
temperatures are warm in summer. In winter, it can be watered less
frequently. Flowers best when
pot-bound. Sap can cause skin
irritation and foliage is mildly toxic if ingested.
- Philodendron (Philodendron
spp.) Some philodendrons are
large, upright plants that support themselves; others are vines
(philodendron means “tree-loving”) that grow as lianas in tropical jungles
of Central America and the West Indies.
Leaves are leathery and can be heart shaped (P. scandens)
or deeply incised “cut-leaf”
philodendrons (P. radiatum, P. selloum and P. bipinnatifidum). Hybrid philodendrons can be very
colorful, e.g. ‘Prince of
Orange’, ‘Imperial Red’, ‘Black
Cardinal’
and
‘Autumn’; garden designers are using these colored-leaf cultivars in pots
outdoor in summer. Easily-grown in
low-to-bright light – but not direct sunlight -- they like evenly moist, but not soggy, organically-rich soil
and warm temperatures (minimum 18C or 65F). Clean the leaves with a damp cloth every now and again when
they get dusty.
- Rubber Tree Plant (Ficus
elastica) Remember Frank
Sinatra singing about the little ant with a positive attitude in the song
“High Hopes”? “Oops, there goes
another rubber tree plant.” I’m
not sure what that has to do with anything, but
- Snake Plant, Mother-in-Law’s Tongue
(Sansevieria trifasciata)
Poor sansevieria is the butt of numerous jokes, given its common
name “mother-in-law’s tongue”.
Native to India and West Africa, its rigid, sword-like, succulent
leaves are very attractive as vertical accents, especially those of the
variegated varieties. Growing 2-4
feet (60-120 cm), it takes any light and prefers dryish soil, especially
in winter. Over-watering will cause
root rot. This is the plant to
grow if you have a “black thumb”.
- Spider Plant (Chlorophytum
comosum) Excellent in hanging
baskets where the fountain-shaped plant with the grassy leaves can send up
its long stems topped by small white flowers. Eventually, the stems will bend under the weight of tiny
plantlets that develop. In the
wild, these would root as they hit the ground. Indoors, they can be detached to form new plants or left on
the stems for effect. Likes bright
light (but not direct sun) and prefers adequately moist, but well-drained,
soil. As with most houseplants,
some drying out between watering is better than overwatering. ‘Vittatum’ has a white central stripe;
‘Variegatum’ has a white margin.
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